About Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Education is a civil right. It is a basic and essential right that should be equally available to all members of society. Historically, however, some groups of people in the United States have not had the same kind of access to education as others. Before the Civil War, only 2 higher education institutions for black students existed. And it wasn't until the mid-1960s that higher education--at predominantly white universities and colleges--became open to all students. Therefore, prior to that time, many colleges and universities were founded with the specific mission to provide educational opportunities for blacks in the US. These institutions founded before 1964 are now known as historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Obviously they have a lot of history behind them, but what do HBCUs have to offer modern students like you today?

Definition
Today, HBCUs give all students, regardless of race, the opportunity for a higher education. Some of these institutions are public, some are private; some are 4-year universities, and some are 2-year colleges. They offer undergraduate and graduate programs; bachelor's and associate's degrees, as well as shorter credentials such as diplomas and certificates. Some HBCUs are liberal arts colleges, some are Christian colleges, some are technical colleges, and some are large nationally- and internationally-recognized universities. There are even HBCU specialty schools for business, theology and medical school. Whatever kind of education you might be looking for, chances are it's available at the range of schools that make up HBCUs in America.

Demographics
Located from Texas to the east coast--and even in the Virgin Islands--there are just over 100 historically black colleges and universities among the US's more than 4,000 higher education institutions. However, their impact is bigger than their numbers might at first suggest. While HBCUs represent only 3% of America's higher education institutions, they graduate about one-quarter of African American students earning undergrad degrees. The National Center for Educational Statistics undertook a comprehensive survey of HBCUs from between 1976-2001 in order to chart their changes. In 2001, total fall enrollment at HBCUs was close to 300, 000 students, 82% of whom were black, and 61% of whom were women.

And as the 21st century marches on, HBCUs are only getting stronger. The White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities is focused on strategies and funding for capacity building at these institutions. What does that mean on the ground? That HBCUs are receiving more funds to improve facilities and equipment, as well as provide more services to recruit and retain students from all backgrounds, including international students.

Delivery
So what exactly do you get from HBCUs? For starters a quality education that tends to be more affordable than many other universities and colleges in the US. Historically black colleges and universities offer 4-year bachelor's degrees and 2-year associate's degrees in a range of program areas such as business, education, humanities, natural sciences, applied sciences and technology, health care and medicine, nursing, social science, fine art, Christian studies, theology and more. The kinds of programs offered will depend on the type of school it is: whether it's a liberal arts college or a technical institute, for instance.

Historically black 2-year colleges offer associate's degrees, certificates of different lengths as well as technical and vocational training in a wide variety of fields, including pre-professional programs. These schools aim to provide accessible and affordable industry-relevant learning that prepares students for employment or transfer to university programs. Check out our program-specific pages to learn more about what you can expect from the different fields of study at American universities and colleges.

Difference
Attending an HBCU means following in the footsteps of such visionary Americans as Martin Luther King, Jr, and many students-from all backgrounds-feel proud to participate in the values and tradition of HBCUs. The connection with history and with the principles of equality, respect and freedom on which HCBUs were founded appeals to both the hearts and minds of young Americans in a way that is unique.

But it's not just the history, but the programming that also makes HBCUs different. The academics at HBCUs are as important as at any university or college, and they stand up to the same scrutiny and ranking on the national and international stage. But HBCUs offer academic and mentorship programs with specific emphasis on the needs of traditionally under-represented students (for example, African American leadership programs). The environment at HBCUs is therefore extremely supportive and encouraging, which, for some students, can mean the difference between failure and success.

Deciding
So how will you decide? In many ways, making a decision about an HBCU is the same as you would make for any university or college: first you have to decide what you're interested in, then you have to find a school that offers it. Other factors like how long you want to spend in school, scholarships, tuition costs, distance from home and possibly church affiliation may also be factors. Schools in the USA's database of historically black colleges and universities can help get you started. Once you've spotted a school that seems to suit your interest, check out their website. The site will tell you what they offer and who to call or contact for more information. Then call or, better yet, go visit-don't be shy! This is your education. So take the time to explore to help you get on the right path for your future!